| SAN FRANCISCO STATE UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF GEOSCIENCES |
Spring 2004 |
Section 1: Distributed Wednesday 7 April 2004
Due Wednesday 21 April 2004
Section 4: Distributed Thursday 8 April 2004
Due Thursday 22 April 2004
The topic(and title) for your four page (EXCLUSIVE of figures and reference listings), double-spaced, typewritten in 12 pt (this is 12 pt type) paper (no more than 1 inch margins) is:
Hurricane Andrew: Typical or Atypical Atlantic Hurricane?
B. Format of the Paper
Note: Your paper MUST have the title below and the lettered sections (including titles) summarized below.
Your "paper" should have the following features:
The title MUST be:
| Hurricane Andrew: Typical or Atypical Atlantic Hurricane? |
The paper MUST have the following numbered and titled sections:
|
I. Introduction (one paragraph--what you are going to do, why you are doing it--here you might refer to the discussions on the web site related to warnings and intensity of Andrew and, therefore, it is an interesting storm to study) II. General Discussion of Atlantic Hurricanes ( two paragaphs or so mentioning things like what a hurricane is, where in the Atlantic they form in relation to sea-surface temperature patterns, in what direction they move and why etc.--basically, what we have discussed in class) III. Was Andrew an Atypical or Typical Hurricane? (Using graphics that you have chosen, discuss the extent to which the evolution, track and intensity of Andrew matched or did not match the typical Atlantic hurricane.) IV. Conclusions (one paragraph--should summarize major conclusions that relate to the title of the paper) V. References (See Format and Procedural guidelines for Writing Assignment 1) VI. Figures (Sequential, and numbered in the order that you refer to them in the text....see below) |
B. Format
Same format guidelines (beyond those listed above) as in Writing Assignment 1 (please make sure you read those again).
C. Structure of the Paper: Figures
The paper MUST have several illustrations (no fewer than 4). The figures should be drawn from either the textbooks or other sources of information, for example, the National Hurricane Center's online case study of Andrew.
Figures should be selected carefully and thoughtfully so that they illustrate the point you are trying to make. Because they serve an important function, figures should also be reproduced in a readable format (i.e., large enough to be read and clearly copied).
The figures chosen should be:
Example of Referring to Figure in your Text
"...Tropical Cyclones tend to intensify to hurricanes over the Atlantic where ocean temperatures are greater than around 80 degrees F. For example, Fig. 4 shows the sea-surface temperatures over the Atlantic for 3 September 1999. The yellow color represents ocean temperatures 27C (about 82 F or greater). Note that ocean temperatures greater than 80F extend from the subtropics to the Atlantic seaboard and then northward where the Gulf Stream transports warm water northward. Thus, one would expect tropical storms moving over this water to stay active and, even, intensify to hurricane status...."
Example of a Figure Caption
Figure 4. Sea-surface temperature analysis for the western Atlantic. Colors indicate approximate temperatures as shown on the figure. (Source: National Hurricane Center)
C. Structure of the Paper: References
The Rappaport website AND the class textbooks (Sheets and Williams (Hint: Chapter 10), Williams and Zebrowski) MUST be included and referred to in the text. Here is the list that MUST be included in the References:
|
Rappaport, E., 1993: Preliminary Report: Hurricane Andrew 16-28 1992. National Hurricane Center, Website--URL: http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/1992andrew.html. Sheets, Bob and Jack Williams, 2001: Hurricane Watch. Vintage Books. 331 pp. Williams, J, 1997: The Weather Book. Vintage Books. 226 pp. Zebrowski, Ernest, 1999: Perils of a Restless Planet: Scientific Perspectives on Natural Disasters Cambridge University Press , 306 pp. |
Information on specific hurricane tracks, damage, storm surge etc. is NOT common knowledge and should be referenced. You will indicate references in your writing assignment in the manner required in the meteorological/oceanographic literature. Scientists have adopted an easy way to indicate references that dispenses completely with the need for footnotes. NO FOOTNOTES. NO DIRECT QUOTES.
It is very simple to reference an idea. Suppose you want to remark on the fact that the storm surge associated with Andrew was the largest recorded and that you learned that from reading an article (either in a journal or on a website) by someone named Rappaport. In the text, you simply paraphrase the reference and indicate the author or authors by last name and date. Every reference is listed COMPLETELY only in the Reference section alphabetically.
Additional (Beyond Those for Writing Assignment 1) Rule for In-Text Citations of a Website Publication
Here is the way to include a reference citation for a website publication in the body of your paper.
"...Rappaport (1997) documented the record storm surge in coastal Florida associated with Hurricane Andrew..."
or
"...Andrew was associated with a record storm surge in coastal Florida (Rappaport, 1997)..."
In the reference section (your Section V), the complete citation is listed: (Book titles are underlined, journal articles or websites are put in parentheses)
E. Style Issues
Please make sure you have time to completely proofread your paper. Remember that the best editor is yourself. Spellchecker cannot check to see if you used the correct word, only that the word is spelled correctly. The Style Guidelilnes imposed for Writing Assignment 1 apply to Writing Assignment 2.
E. Grade for Assignment
50% Meteorology (Content)
25% Format (Described Above)
25% Style (Proper Sentences/Spelling etc.)